3 January 2024

What is an offshore and what are the different types of offshore?

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Dear client, if you are reading this text, you are likely an entrepreneur looking to choose the right jurisdiction for registering your company or offshore entity. In this article, we will explain what offshore companies are, their types, and the differences between them.

In theory, if you are registered and reside in one country but want to register a company in another jurisdiction, that is considered an offshore company. However, there are also so-called “offshore jurisdictions,” such as the Marshall Islands and Seychelles.

What are “Onshore” countries? These are countries with a residency-based taxation system, meaning a resident of such a country is required to pay taxes to that country regardless of where they work or conduct business. Russia and the USA (with some exceptions) are prime examples.

Jurisdictions with Territorial Taxation – Income earned within such a country/jurisdiction is taxed, regardless of whether it is earned by a resident of that country or not. Examples of such jurisdictions include Hong Kong, Singapore, Panama, and recently Belize. In these countries, it is necessary to maintain accounting records, have a real office, and declare income.

What are “Midshore” countries? These are countries with a mixed type of taxation and reduced tax burden. To attract investors and generate profits, these countries lower the corporate tax rate. For example, Cyprus and Ireland have a rate of 12.5%, and Hungary has a rate of 9%. In these countries, it is also necessary to have an office, confirm its location, maintain accounting records, and file tax returns.

What are “Offshore” jurisdictions in their classical sense? These are jurisdictions with minimal reporting requirements, office requirements, and very low taxation. As mentioned earlier in this publication, the Marshall Islands and Seychelles fall into this category. They have minimal reporting and office requirements, and the tax rate is zero. Additionally, they do not disclose information about company owners registered there.

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